For rotating hard drives you might get an wee (~1%) increase in performance on larger files if you're lucky which is negligible. For SSD hard drives you'll see no difference at all.
The reason why there's hardly any performance difference is because the underlying hardware (CPU, SATA controller, HDD controller) in modern PCs is so performant that read speed is effectively limited only by the physics of reading the data off the storage medium itself.
In other words, reading 1024 contiguous pieces of 4KB takes just as long as reading 64 contiguous pieces of 64KB. Sure, you're asking the hardware for data 1024 times vs 64 times, but the overhead is ridiculously small.
When I fish out some benchmarks to back this up I'll add them here.
Spindle hard drive or SSD? – misha256 – 2015-01-26T23:03:12.607
@misha256 Rotating drive. (I assume that's what you're asking.) – ispiro – 2015-01-26T23:04:13.590
Related answer (to the inverse question): Downsides of a small allocation unit size
– sawdust – 2015-01-27T01:20:43.030