From the article you linked, there seems to be a known issue with the Linux Kernel (bug 13170) that it only boots on a MacBook 5,2 with (one of) certain boot parameters set:
Obviously, use of these parameters "works" by disabling or circumventing some aspects of your hardware configuration. You should give the bug report (and the discussion that follows) a look to to make sure you understand which one is going to best suit your needs. One of the folks out there claims to have gotten his MacBook 5,2 to work without those boot parameters, but indicates that his CPUs then only work at their minimum speed.
That's the thing about Linux. It's cool because it's free, open source and customizable. But install/configuration can sometimes be challenging.
Anyway, give the bug report a read. It should give you some things to try.
How do I pass those arguments to the installation CD? – Tyilo – 2012-01-09T14:59:56.283
You should be able to get to the boot prompt by selecting the "Help" option from the install CD menu. Then you'd do an "install acpi=off", or whatever. – Aaron – 2012-01-09T15:32:43.003