Fixed it by swapping the CPUs back to E5500 series, downgraded the BIOS to 1.2.6, then went up in the following order:
- 2.0.13 - this is the one that added the microcode for E5600 series CPUs
- 2.1.15
- 2.2.10
- 3.0.0
- 6.0.4
- 6.0.7
- 6.4.0
- 6.6.0
I've read in multiple places that it's not recommended to make too big of a jump between versions, so even though it was a bit tedious, I went through them 1-by-1.
Since the system was brand new and nothing was configured yet, I quickly installed Windows on it, and used the packaged installers to install the iDRAC 2.90 Firmware.
After the fw update the iDRAC port came alive, I could actually connect to it, and USC also loaded properly!