How does Windows 10 guess physical dimensions of a 1080p display?

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I'm running Windows 10 1803 on a laptop, attached to a desktop display. Laptop's display resolution is same as the attached display, 1920x1080 pixel (namely "Full HD").
However the screen sizes differ, the laptop has a 13" display and the desktop display is 27"...

By the settings option: start->system->display I can adjust scaling for each (!) display to the lowest scaling factor "100%" and a highest resolution of FullHD (1080p).
This setting is fine for the laptop display.
However, with the same setting for the 27" everything appears double sized ...

Q1: How does Windows 10 guess the (physical) dimensions of a screen display to get dpi be calculated "per inch"?

Q2: Is there any option to let Windows 10 to render a "virtual" screen resolution higher than the physical maximum on the 27" display - compare Is there a registry hack to set virtual display resolution in Windows 10 1803?

Q3: Why does Windows 10 ignore the registry dword HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop\LogPixels, when I set the value from initial 96ppi to a higher resolution - compare Freeze Windows 10 scaling factor to 100% with Win8DpiScaling=1

Remark: Since I do not work on a stationary desktop, buying a 4k display is definitely no option and no answer to this topic.
However, using 2k+ displays would solve the problem since Windows will then calculate a reasonable dpi resolution for the attached displays.

Max

Posted 2018-12-29T12:18:16.700

Reputation: 121

A1: There is nothing to guess. Hardware has this info stored somewhere, and windows simply retrieves it.

A2 and A3: Please limit your question to 1 question. Post separate questions, unless they are very related, which in this case they are not. – LPChip – 2018-12-29T13:18:12.280

Q2 moved to https://superuser.com/q/1388869/784695

– Max – 2018-12-30T01:00:37.937

Q3 moved to https://superuser.com/q/1388734/784695

– Max – 2018-12-30T01:01:14.840

No answers