First of all SSL without a certificate is not possible, don't try to roll your own security because you will fail at it. You might think "hey how would you not know that I'm actually a very good crypto expert" well because you wouldn't be making such statements.
PCI-DSS is only mandatory if you are processing credit card data. This means that if you accept and store credit card information, you are required to be PCI-DSS compliant. What if you are not compliant?
Well according to this reference:
If you do not meet the PCI standards for compliance and the security
of your site gets compromised, you will be facing penalties and fines
ranging from $5,000 to $500,000. The fines, however, are just the
beginning of the overall damage caused by noncompliance.
If your website or company are not PCI compliant, you run the risk of
losing your merchant account, which means you won’t be able to accept
credit card payments at all. You will also be placed in the
Visa/MasterCard Terminated Merchant File (TMF), making you ineligible
to obtain another merchant account, at least for several years. The
TMF, is essentially a BLACKLIST from which it is almost impossible to
be removed.
When a merchant is added to the TMF, sometimes called The Match File,
their name, business name, business address, and home address are all
noted. So, you can’t just apply for a new account under the name of
another family member or business partner because it will be seen as
the same business and location.
Getting on The Match File is just about the worst thing that can
happen to any merchant.
Now as you read there is a fine, just FYI the fine comes ontop of all the fraudlant charges (which you will be held accountable for as well).
If you're thinking, "how can I make a business if I can't accept credit cards?" quite simply by using a payment gateway such as Paypal which takes care of all payments (and thus also takes away your need to be PCI-DSS compliant).