vulture
March 12th, 2004, 06:34 PM
From Ullman's:
Bread flour also undergoes aging or maturing and concomitant improvement in baking performance with storage [103], [104]. The presumption has been made that aging is an oxidative process. If flour is stored long enough after milling, it slowly bleaches, supposedly because of air oxidation. Interestingly, high ratio cakes can be produced from nontreated cake flour if it is stored for about eight months. Recent reports suggest that also other mechanisms are involved in the aging of wheat and wheat flour. For example, the break down of the lipid bodies in the endosperm has been related to the aging phenomenon [105], [106]. In an attempt to speed up the aging process a number of oxidizing agents are added at the mill (azodicarbonamide, acetone peroxide, chlorine dioxide, and potassium bromate). These oxidants improve the bread-making potential of the flour, but do not replace aging.
Compounds with both bleaching and maturing effects include oxygen, ozone, chlorine, and chlorine dioxide. The improvers azodicarbonamide and acetone peroxide have been approved by the FDA for inclusion with their "Standards of Identity" for flour as bleaching and maturing agents. Acetone peroxide performs a dual function of bleaching and maturing.
In general, the level of potassium bromate, iodate, acetone peroxide, or azodicarbonamide added at the mill varies from 5 to 20 mg/kg; ascorbic acid is added at about 25 mg/kg; chlorine dioxide containing 20 % free chlorine is used at 15 mg/kg.
Oxidants vary in their oxidation potential and oxidation rate. Atmospheric oxygen is a slow oxidant; chlorine dioxide functions rapidly. Iodates, acetone peroxide, and azodicarbonamide act much more rapidly than bromates.
WTF? :confused:
Bread flour also undergoes aging or maturing and concomitant improvement in baking performance with storage [103], [104]. The presumption has been made that aging is an oxidative process. If flour is stored long enough after milling, it slowly bleaches, supposedly because of air oxidation. Interestingly, high ratio cakes can be produced from nontreated cake flour if it is stored for about eight months. Recent reports suggest that also other mechanisms are involved in the aging of wheat and wheat flour. For example, the break down of the lipid bodies in the endosperm has been related to the aging phenomenon [105], [106]. In an attempt to speed up the aging process a number of oxidizing agents are added at the mill (azodicarbonamide, acetone peroxide, chlorine dioxide, and potassium bromate). These oxidants improve the bread-making potential of the flour, but do not replace aging.
Compounds with both bleaching and maturing effects include oxygen, ozone, chlorine, and chlorine dioxide. The improvers azodicarbonamide and acetone peroxide have been approved by the FDA for inclusion with their "Standards of Identity" for flour as bleaching and maturing agents. Acetone peroxide performs a dual function of bleaching and maturing.
In general, the level of potassium bromate, iodate, acetone peroxide, or azodicarbonamide added at the mill varies from 5 to 20 mg/kg; ascorbic acid is added at about 25 mg/kg; chlorine dioxide containing 20 % free chlorine is used at 15 mg/kg.
Oxidants vary in their oxidation potential and oxidation rate. Atmospheric oxygen is a slow oxidant; chlorine dioxide functions rapidly. Iodates, acetone peroxide, and azodicarbonamide act much more rapidly than bromates.
WTF? :confused: