Race of the Digits

Question

You should write a program or function which given a starting order of distinct one-digit positive integers and the length of the track as input outputs or returns the finish order of the numbers.

The input [5,1,2,6,7] and 14 defines the following race:

--------------
76215 ->
--------------

Rules of the race

• The track wraps around and digits can go multiple laps.
• Order of steps is cyclic and based on the starting position. In our example 5 1 2 6 7 5 1 2 ....
• There can be no multiple digits in the same position.

• Every digit has a speed of digit_value cell per step. Overtaking a digit or a continuous block of digits costs one extra step. If the digit doesn't have the necessary speed for that it will stop before the (block of) digit(s). Examples:

  [41   ] => [ 1 4 ]  4 overtakes 1
  
  [2 1  ] => [ 21  ]  2 can only move 1 as it can't move 3 to overtake 1
  
  [4 12 ] => [ 412 ]  4 can only move 1 as it can't move 5 to overtake 12     
  
  [   3 ] => [ 3   ]  3 starting a new lap
  

• Every digit has to go digit_value laps before it finishes. A lap is completed when the last cell of the track is left. A finished digit is removed from the track.

• Note that a digit might reach its starting position multiple times through a step and complete multiple laps.

Input

• A list of distinct one-digit positive integers (1..9) with at least one element and a single positive integer, greater than the length of the list, the length of the track.

Output

• A list of digits in the order they finished in any unambiguous format.

Examples

A visual step-by-step example for the input starting_order = [5,9,2] and length = 6

295   | Start position
29   5| digit 5 moves
2  9 5| digit 9 moves, finishing lap #1
  29 5| digit 2 moves
 529  | digit 5 moves, finishing lap #1
 52  9| digit 9 moves, finishing lap #2
 5  29| digit 2 moves
   529| digit 5 moves
 9 52 | digit 9 moves, finishing laps #3 and #4
29 5  | digit 2 moves, finishing lap #1
29   5| digit 5 moves
2  9 5| digit 9 moves, finishing lap #5
  29 5| digit 2 moves
 529  | digit 5 moves, finishing lap #2
 52  9| digit 9 moves, finishing lap #6
 5  29| digit 2 moves
   529| digit 5 moves
 9 52 | digit 9 moves, finishing laps #7 and #8
 9 5  | digit 2 moves, finishing lap #2 --> remove 2 from the track
59    | digit 5 moves, finishing lap #3
5     | digit 9 moves, finishing lap #9 --> remove 9 from the track
     5| digit 5 moves
    5 | digit 5 moves, finishing lap #4
      | digit 5 moves, finishing lap #5 --> remove 5 from the track
------
Finish order: 2 9 5

Examples in format Input => Output

[3], 2  =>  [3]

[9, 5], 3  =>  [9, 5]

[5, 9, 2], 6  =>  [2, 9, 5]

[5, 9, 2], 10  =>  [5, 9, 2]

[5, 7, 8, 1, 2], 10  =>  [1, 5, 7, 8, 2]

[5, 1, 6, 8, 3, 2], 17  =>  [1, 6, 8, 2, 3, 5]

[1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9], 15  =>  [1, 7, 8, 9, 2, 3]

[9, 8, 7, 3, 2, 1], 15  =>  [8, 7, 9, 1, 2, 3]

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], 20  =>  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1], 20  =>  [8, 7, 5, 9, 6, 1, 2, 4, 3]

This is code-golf so the shortest entry wins.

Answer 1

Ruby 229 236

This is a function that takes two parameters: an array representing the digits and an int representing the length of the track. It returns an array, representing the order in which the digits finish the race.

F=->d,l{
i=0
t=d.map{|x|[x,d.size-(i+=1)]}
r=[]
d.cycle.map{|n|
t==[]&&break
(c=t.find{|x,_|x==n})&&(s=n
w=c[1]
o=p
(a=(t-[c]).map{|_,p|p%l}
s-=1;w+=1
a&[w%l]==[]?(o=p;c[1]=w):o||s-=o=1)while s>0
c[1]>=n*l&&(t.delete c;r<<n))}
r}

Test it online: http://ideone.com/KyX5Yu

Edit: Figured out some tricks to save some more chars.

Ungolfed version:

F=->digits,length{
  digit_positions = digits.map.with_index{|d,i|[d,digits.size-i-1] }

  result = []

  digits.cycle.map{|n|
    break if digit_positions==[]
    crt = digit_positions.find{|x,_|x==n}
    next unless crt

    steps_left = n
    pos = crt[1]
    taking_over = false

    while steps_left > 0
      other_pos = (digit_positions-[crt]).map{|_,p|p%length}

      steps_left-=1
      pos += 1

      if other_pos.include? (pos%length)
        steps_left -= 1 unless taking_over
        taking_over = true
      else
        taking_over = false
        crt[1] = pos
      end
    end

    if crt[1] >= n*length
      digit_positions.delete(crt)
      result<<n
    end
  }
  result
}

Answer 2

Python 2, 345 bytes

Too bad it's not shorter than @w0lf's, but whatev. (Note that the large indents are tabs, which translate to 4-space when I post.)

def r(o,l):
 n=len(o);s,t,a,d=dict(zip(o,range(n)[::-1])),-1,{_:0 for _ in o},[]     
 while len(s):
    t+=1;g=o[t%n]
    if g in d:continue
    y,k=s[g],1;i=z=w=0
    for _ in[0]*g:
     i+=1;m=y+i;e,p=m%l,m/l
     if-~a[g]+w>=g<d>m>=l:a[g]+=1;del s[g];d+=[g];break
     if e in s.values()and e!=y:i-=k;k=0
     else:k,s[g],(w,z)=1,e,[(w,z),(z,p)][z<p]
    a[g]+=z
 print d

Answer 3

here is my magical padded code

C (457 430b)

int v(int*M,int m){
int i,n,c,d,e=32,f=48,u=0,g=10,h,k,r,l=m,j;char a,*b=&a,*B,V[m];
for (i=0;u<m*m*m;i=(++u%m),*B=*b=(u<=l)?*b:e,b=B=&a)
printf("%c%c",0*(V[i]=(u<l?u>=(r=l-sizeof(M)/4)?M[u-r]+f:e:V[i])),((((V[c=(((V[i]=u<l?e:V[i])-f)/10<u/m)?j>=0&h<i|((h=(j=strchr(V+((k=(m+(d=(i-(V[i]-f)%g+1)))%m)),e)-V)<0?(int)(strchr(V,e)-V):(int)j)>=k)*(k>i)?h:m :m])=((V[c]==e)?(*(b=V+i)+(d<0)*g):V[c])))-f)%11==0?(*(B=V+c)-f)%g+f:0);
getch();
}

Note: it needs more improvement ...

EDIT: code shortened ... - sizeof(int)=4 , function=v , still remains some variable replacing to do .