Textual maze solver

Question

Given a maze on stdin and an entry point, write a program that prints a path to the exit on stdout. Any path is acceptable, as long as your program does not generate the trivial path (passing through every point in the maze) for every maze.

In the input, walls are marked by a # and the entry point by a @. You may use any characters to draw the maze and the path in the output, as long as they're all distinct.

You may assume that:

• The entry and exit points are on the edges of the input
• Every line of the input has the same length
• The maze is solvable and has no cycles
• There is only one exit point

Shortest solution by (Unicode) character count wins.

Examples

(note that the inputs are padded with spaces)

####   
#  #   
@ #####
#     #
#      
#######

####
#  #
@*#####
#*    #
#******
#######

### ###################
###         #         #
##  #########      #  #
 #             #####  #
 ###############   #@##

###*###################
###*********#*********#
## *#########*     # *#
 # *********** #####**#
 ###############   #@##

Answer 1

Ruby 1.9, 244 characters

l=*$<
i=l*""
e=[]
d=[1,-1,x=l[0].size,-x]
r=[f=9e9]*s=x*b=l.size;r[i=~/@/]=0
r.map{i.gsub(/ /){r[p=$`.size]=d.map{|u|p>-u&&r[u+p]||f}.min+1;e<<p if p%x%~-~-x*(p/-~x%~-b)<1}}
r[g=e.find{|i|r[i]<f}].times{i[g]=?*;g+=d.find{|l|r[g]>r[g+l]}}
puts i

Output for the two examples:

####   
#  #   
@*#####
#*    #
#******
#######

###*###################
###*        #     *** #
## *######### *****#* #
 # ************#####* #
 ###############   #@##

Edits:

• (247 -> 245) Inlined e and renamed it to g
• (245 -> 249) Fix a bug when the exit is directly above the entrance
• (249 -> 246) Inlining + simplifications
• (246 -> 244) Shorter way to iterate over every field

Answer 2

ANSI C (384 373 368 characters)

Here's my C attempt. Compiled and run on Mac OS X.

m[9999],*r=m,*s=m,c,R=0,*a,L;
P(){while(*s++)putchar(*(s-1));}
C(int*l){if((l-s+2)%R==0||(l-s)%R==0||l-s<R||l>r-R)*l=42,P(),exit(0);}
e(int*l){if(*l==32)C(l),*l=42,e(l-1),*l=32,*l=42,e(l-R),*l=32,*l=42,e(l+1),*l=32,*l=42,e(l+R),*l=32;}
main(){while(~(c=getchar()))*r++=c,R=!R&&c==10?r-s:R,L=c==64?r-s-1:L;L%R==0&&e(s+L+1);(L+2)%R==0&&e(s+L-1);L<R&&e(s+L+R);e(s+L-R);}

Sample output for a couple of tests:

####   
#  #   
@*#####
#*****#
#    *#
#####*#

###*###################
###*        #******** #
##**#########**    #* #
 #*************#####* #
 ###############   #@##

Limitations: Only works for mazes up to 1000 characters, but this can easily be increased. I just picked an arbitrary number rather than bother to malloc/remalloc.

Also, this is the most warning-laden code I've ever written. 19 warnings, though it looks like even more with the XCode code highlighting. :D

EDITS: Edited and tested to drop int from main, to use ~ instead of !=EOF and putchar instead of printf. Thanks for the comments!

Answer 3

Python, 339 chars

import sys
M=list(sys.stdin.read())
L=len(M)
R=range(L)
N=M.index('\n')+1
D=2*L*[9e9]
D[M.index('@')+N]=0
J=(1,-1,N,-N)
for x in R:
 for i in[N+i for i in R if' '==M[i]]:D[i]=min(1+D[i+j]for j in J)
e=[i+N for i in R[:N]+R[::N]+R[N-2::N]+R[-N:]if 0<D[i+N]<9e9][0]
while D[e]:M[e-N]='*';e=[e+j for j in J if D[e+j]<D[e]][0]
print''.join(M)

Generates a shortest path through the maze.

Output for example mazes:

####   
#  #   
@*#####
#*    #
#******
#######

###*###################
###*        #     *** #
## *######### *****#* #
 # ************#####* #
 ###############   #@##

Answer 4

Python - 510 421 chars

m=[]
i=raw_input
l=i()
x=y=-1
while l:
 if y<0:x+=1;y=l.find('@')
 m.append(list(l));l=i()
s=(x,y)
t={}
q=[s]
v={s:1}
while 1:
 try:(i,j),q=q[0],q[1:];c=m[i][j]
 except:continue
 if c==' 'and(i*j==0)|(i+1==len(m))|(j+1==len(m[0])):break
 for d,D in(-1,0),(0,-1),(1,0),(0,1):
  p=(i+d,j+D)
  if not p in v and'#'!=c:v[p]=0;q.append(p);t[p]=(i,j)
while(i,j)!=s:m[i][j]='*';i,j=t[(i,j)]
print'\n'.join(''.join(l)for l in m)

Answer 5

Python 3, 275 bytes

import sys
def q(g,s=[]):w=len(g[0])+1;k='@'.join(g)+w*'@';*p,x=s or[k.find('#')];return'@'>k[x]and{x}-{*p}and[p,min((q(g,s+[x+a])or k for a in(-1,1,-w,w)),key=len)]['*'>k[x]]
g=''.join(sys.stdin.read());s=q(g.split('\n'))
for i in range(len(g)):print(end=[g[i],'+'][i in s])

Try it online!

Port of my answer to Find the shortest route on an ASCII road.

Uses '#' for start, '*' for end, '@' for wall and ' ' for empty space. In this, the function q is a helper function which returns a one-dimensional array with the shortest path in the maze. Function f can be shortened 4 bytes by not assigning the variable s. This is incredibly inefficient and will likely time out, since it calls the path-finding function for each character in the maze.