Sum of replicated matrices

Question

Given a list of numbers [ a₁ a₂ ... a_n ], compute the sum of all the matrices Aᵢ where Aᵢ is defined as follows (m is the maximum of all aᵢ):

       1  2  ⋯ (i-1) i (i+1) ⋯  n
     +----------------------------
 1   | 0  0  ⋯   0   aᵢ  aᵢ  ⋯  aᵢ
 2   | 0  0  ⋯   0   aᵢ  aᵢ  ⋯  aᵢ
 .   . .  .      .   .   .      .
 .   . .  .      .   .   .      .
aᵢ   | 0  0  ⋯   0   aᵢ  aᵢ  ⋯  aᵢ
aᵢ₊₁ | 0  0  ⋯   0   0   0   ⋯  0
 .   . .  .      .   .   .      .
 .   . .  .      .   .   .      .
 m   | 0  0  ⋯   0   0   0   ⋯  0

Example

Given the input [2,1,3,1] we construct the following matrix:

[2 2 2 2]   [0 1 1 1]   [0 0 3 3]   [0 0 0 1]   [2 3 6 7]
[2 2 2 2] + [0 0 0 0] + [0 0 3 3] + [0 0 0 0] = [2 2 5 5]
[0 0 0 0]   [0 0 0 0]   [0 0 3 3]   [0 0 0 0]   [0 0 3 3]

Rules and I/O

• you may assume the input is non-empty
• you may assume all the inputs are non-negative (0≤)
• the input can be a 1×n (or n×1) matrix, list, array etc.
• similarly the output can be a matrix, list of lists, array etc.
• you can take and return inputs via any default I/O format
• your submission may be a full program or function

Test cases

[0] -> [] or [[]]
[1] -> [[1]]
[3] -> [[3],[3],[3]]
[2,2] -> [[2,4],[2,4]]
[3,0,0] -> [[3,3,3],[3,3,3],[3,3,3]]
[1,2,3,4,5] -> [[1,3,6,10,15],[0,2,5,9,14],[0,0,3,7,12],[0,0,0,4,9],[0,0,0,0,5]]
[10,1,0,3,7,8] -> [[10,11,11,14,21,29],[10,10,10,13,20,28],[10,10,10,13,20,28],[10,10,10,10,17,25],[10,10,10,10,17,25],[10,10,10,10,17,25],[10,10,10,10,17,25],[10,10,10,10,10,18],[10,10,10,10,10,10],[10,10,10,10,10,10]]

Answer 1

Jelly, 10 5 bytes

ẋ"z0Ä

Try it online!

How it works

ẋ"z0Ä  Main link. Argument: A (array)


       e.g. [2, 1, 3, 1]

ẋ"     Repeat each n in A n times.

       e.g. [[2, 2   ]
             [1      ]
             [3, 3, 3]
             [1      ]]

  z0   Zipfill 0; read the result by columns, filling missing elements with 0's.

        e.g. [[2, 1, 3, 1]
              [2, 0, 3, 0]
              [0, 0, 3, 0]]

    Ä  Take the cumulative sum of each row vector.

       e.g. [[2, 3, 6, 7]
             [2, 2, 5, 5]
             [0, 0, 3, 3]]

Answer 2

R, 80 bytes

n=sum((a=scan())|1);for(i in 1:n)F=F+`[<-`(matrix(0,max(a),n),0:a[i],i:n,a[i]);F

Try it online!

Takes input from stdin; prints a 0x1 matrix for input 0, which prints out like

	[,1]

Answer 3

Haskell, 70 66 51 bytes

g x=[scanl1(+)[sum[n|n>=r]|n<-x]|r<-[1..maximum x]]

Try it online!

Answer 4

JavaScript (ES6), 88 79 bytes

Returns [] for [0].

f=(a,y,b=a.map((_,x)=>a.map(c=>y>=c|x--<0?0:s+=c,s=0)|s))=>s?[b,...f(a,-~y)]:[]

Try it online!

Answer 5

APL (Dyalog Unicode), 8 bytes^SBCS

Full program. Prompts stdin for list, prints matrix to stdout.

Uses Dennis's method.

+\⍉↑⍴⍨¨⎕

Try it online!

⎕ stdin

⍴⍨¨ reshape-selfie of each

↑ mix list of lists into matrix, filling with 0s

⍉ transpose

+\ cumulative row-wise sum

The ⍉ doesn't make any computational difference, so it could potentially be left out and \ changed to ⍀ to sum column-wise instead of row-wise.

Answer 6

Python 2, 85 bytes

lambda x:[[sum(n*(n>j)for n in x[:i+1])for i in range(len(x))]for j in range(max(x))]

Try it online!

Answer 7

Octave, 64 bytes

@(x,k=a=0*(x+(1:max(x))'))eval"for i=x;a(1:i,++k:end)+=i;end,a";

Try it online!

Explanation:

Yet again: Expressions in the argument list and eval are used in one function :)

This takes x as input, and creates two identical matrices filled with zeros, with the dimensions k=a=zeros(length(x),max(x)). This is achieved by adding the horizontal vector x with a vertical vector with 1:max(x), implicitly expanding the dimensions to a 2D-array, then multiplying this with zero. ~(x+...) doesn't work unfortunately, since that forces a to be a logical array throughout the rest of the function.

for i=x is a loop that for each iteration makes i=x(1), then i=x(2) and so on. a(1:i,k++:end) is the part of the matrix that should be updated for each iteration. 1:i is a vector saying which rows should be updated. If i=0, then this will be an empty vector, thus nothing will be updated, otherwise it's 1, 2 .... ++k:end increments the k matrix by one, and creates a range from the first value of this matrix (1,2,3...) and up to the last column of the a matrix. +=i adds the current value to a. end,a ends the loop and outputs a.

Answer 8

GolfScript, 39 bytes

{.$):M;;{[.](*[0]M*+M<}%zip{{\.@+}*]}%}

Try it online!

Uses Dennis's algorithm.

Answer 9

Wolfram Language (Mathematica), 42 bytes

Thread@Accumulate@PadRight[#~Table~#&/@#]&

Try it online!

Answer 10

Java 10, 142 bytes

a->{int l=a.length,i=0,j,s,m=0;for(int q:a)m=q>m?q:m;int[][]r=new int[m][l];for(;i<m;i++)for(j=s=0;j<l;j++)r[i][j]=s+=i<a[j]?a[j]:0;return r;}

Try it online.

a->{               // Method with integer-array parameter and integer-matrix return-type
  int l=a.length,  //  Length of the input-array
      i,j,         //  Index integers
      s,           //  Sum integer
  m=0;for(int q:a)m=q>m?q:m;
                   //  Determine the maximum of the input-array
  int[][]r=new int[m][l];
                   //  Result-matrix of size `m` by `l`
  for(;i<m;i++)    //  Loop `i` over the rows
    for(j=s=0;     //   Reset the sum to 0
        j<l;j++)   //   Inner loop `j` over the columns
      r[i][j]=s+=  //    Add the following to the sum `s`, add set it as current cell:
        i<a[j]?    //     If the row-index is smaller than the `j`'th value in the input:
         a[j]      //      Add the current item to the sum
        :          //     Else:
         0;        //      Leave the sum the same by adding 0
  return r;}       //  Return the result-matrix

Answer 11

Ruby, 50 bytes

->a{(1..a.max).map{|n|w=0;a.map{|r|w+=(r<n)?0:r}}}

Try it online!

Answer 12

Pari/GP, 60 bytes

a->matrix(vecmax(a),#a,i,j,vecsum([a[k]|k<-[1..j],a[k]>=i]))

Try it online!