< Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (Italiano)
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (Italiano)/Configuration examples (Italiano)
Quanto di seguito riportato dovrebbe servire come guida per le configurazioni più avanzate di ALSA. La configurazione viene salvata in /etc/asound.conf
come indicato nell'articolo principale. Di nessuna delle configurazioni riportate di seguito è garantito il funzionamento.
Nota: Molte delle funzioni mostrate di seguito, sono ottenibili più facilmente utilizzando plugin alsa come upmix, il cui utilizzo è spiegato nell'articolo principale su ALSA.
Surround 7.1 con upmix da stereo tramite dmix
~/.asoundrc
# 2008-11-15 # # This .asoundrc will allow the following: # # - upmix stereo files to 7.1 speakers. # - playback real 7.1 sounds, on 7.1 speakers, # - allow the playback of both stereo (upmixed) and surround(7.1) sources at the same time. # - use the 6th and 7th channel (side speakers) as a separate soundcard, i.e. for headphones # (This is called the "alternate" output throughout the file, device names prefixed with 'a') # - play mono sources in stereo (like skype & ekiga) on the alterate output # # Make sure you have "8 Channels" and NOT "6 Channels" selected in alsamixer! # # Please try the following commands, to make sure everything is working as it should. # # To test stereo upmix : speaker-test -c2 -Ddefault -twav # To test surround(5.1): speaker-test -c6 -Dplug:dmix6 -twav # To test surround(7.1): speaker-test -c6 -Dplug:dmix8 -twav # To test alternative output: speaker-test -c2 -Daduplex -twav # To test mono upmix: speaker-test -c1 -Dmonoduplex -twav # # # It may not work out of the box for all cards. If it doesnt work for you, read the comments throughout the file. # The basis of this file was written by wishie of #alsa, and then modified with info from various sources by # squisher. Svenstaro modified it for 7.1 output support. #Define the soundcard to use pcm.snd_card { type hw card 0 device 0 } # 8 channel dmix - output whatever audio, to all 8 speakers pcm.dmix8 { type dmix ipc_key 1024 ipc_key_add_uid false ipc_perm 0660 slave { pcm "snd_card" rate 48000 channels 8 period_time 0 period_size 1024 buffer_time 0 buffer_size 5120 } # Some cards, like the "nforce" variants require the following to be uncommented. # It routes the audio to the correct speakers. # bindings { # 0 0 # 1 1 # 2 4 # 3 5 # 4 2 # 5 3 # 6 6 # 7 7 # } } # upmixing - duplicate stereo data to all 8 channels pcm.ch71dup { type route slave.pcm dmix8 slave.channels 8 ttable.0.0 1 ttable.1.1 1 ttable.0.2 1 ttable.1.3 1 ttable.0.4 0.5 ttable.1.4 0.5 ttable.0.5 0.5 ttable.1.5 0.5 ttable.0.6 1 ttable.1.7 1 } # this creates a six channel soundcard # and outputs to the eight channel one # i.e. for usage in mplayer I had to define in ~/.mplayer/config: # ao=alsa:device=dmix6 # channels=6 pcm.dmix6 { type route slave.pcm dmix8 slave.channels 8 ttable.0.0 1 ttable.1.1 1 ttable.2.2 1 ttable.3.3 1 ttable.4.4 1 ttable.5.5 1 ttable.6.6 1 ttable.7.7 1 } # share the microphone, i.e. because virtualbox grabs it by default pcm.microphone { type dsnoop ipc_key 1027 slave { pcm "snd_card" } } # rate conversion, needed i.e. for wine pcm.2chplug { type plug slave.pcm "ch71dup" } pcm.a2chplug { type plug slave.pcm "dmix8" } # routes the channel for the alternative # 2 channel output, which becomes the 7th and 8th channel # on the real soundcard #pcm.alt2ch { # type route # slave.pcm "a2chplug" # slave.channels 8 # ttable.0.6 1 # ttable.1.7 1 #} # skype and ekiga are only mono, so route left channel to the right channel # note: this gets routed to the alternative 2 channels pcm.mono_playback { type route slave.pcm "a2chplug" slave.channels 8 # Send Skype channel 0 to the L and R speakers at full volume #ttable.0.6 1 #ttable.0.7 1 } # 'full-duplex' device for use with aoss pcm.duplex { type asym playback.pcm "2chplug" capture.pcm "microphone" } #pcm.aduplex { # type asym # playback.pcm "alt2ch" # capture.pcm "microphone" #} pcm.monoduplex { type asym playback.pcm "mono_playback" capture.pcm "microphone" } # for aoss pcm.dsp0 "duplex" ctl.mixer0 "duplex" # softvol manages volume in alsa # i.e. wine likes this pcm.mainvol { type softvol slave.pcm "duplex" control { name "2ch-Upmix Master" card 0 } } #pcm.!default "mainvol" # set the default device according to the environment # variable ALSA_DEFAULT_PCM and default to mainvol pcm.!default { @func refer name { @func concat strings [ "pcm." { @func getenv vars [ ALSA_DEFAULT_PCM ] default "mainvol" } ] } } # uncomment the following if you want to be able to control # the mixer device through environment variables as well #ctl.!default { # @func refer # name { @func concat # strings [ "ctl." # { @func getenv # vars [ ALSA_DEFAULT_CTL # ALSA_DEFAULT_PCM # ] # default "duplex" # } # ] # } #}
Surround 5.1 con upmix da stereo tramite dmix, inversione canali destro/sinistro, cattiva disposizione degli speaker
Procedimento funzionante nella maggior parte dei casi senza ulteriori modifiche a programmi/files.
pcm.!default { type route ## forwards to the mixer pcm defined below slave.pcm dmix51 slave.channels 6 ## "Native Channels" stereo, swap left/right ttable.0.1 1 ttable.1.0 1 ## original normal left/right commented out # ttable.0.0 1 # ttable.1.1 1 ## route "native surround" so it still works but weaken signal (+ RL/RF swap) ## because my rear speakers are more like random than really behind me ttable.2.3 0.7 ttable.3.2 0.7 ttable.4.4 0.7 ttable.5.5 0.7 ## stereo => quad speaker "upmix" for "rear" speakers + swap L/R ttable.0.3 1 ttable.1.2 1 ## stereo L+R => join to Center & Subwoofer 50%/50% ttable.0.4 0.5 ttable.1.4 0.5 ttable.0.5 0.5 ttable.1.5 0.5 ## to test: "$ speaker-test -c6 -twav" and: "$ speaker-test -c2 -twav" } pcm.dmix51 { type dmix ipc_key 1024 # let multiple users share ipc_key_add_uid false # IPC permissions (octal, default 0600) # I think changing this fixed something - but I'm not sure what. ipc_perm 0660 # slave { ## this is specific to my hda_intel. Often hd:0 is just allready it; To find: $ aplay -L pcm surround51 # this rate makes my soundcard crackle # rate 44100 # this rate stops flash in firefox from playing audio, but I don't need that rate 48000 channels 6 ## Any other values in the 4 lines below seem to make my soundcard crackle, too period_time 0 period_size 1024 buffer_time 0 buffer_size 4096 } }
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