Maximum density

The maximum density of a substance is the highest attainable density of the substance under given conditions.

Attaining maximum density

Almost all known substances undergo thermal expansion in response to heating, meaning that a given mass of substance contracts to a low volume at low temperatures, when little thermal energy is present. Substances, especially fluids in which intermolecular forces are weak, also undergo compression upon the application of pressure. Nearly all substances therefore reach a density maximum at very low temperatures and very high pressures, characteristic properties of the solid state of matter.

Water

An especially notable irregular maximum density is that of water, which reaches a density peak at 3.98 °C (39.16 °F). This has important ramifications in Earth's ecosystem.[1]

gollark: What mechanisms do the pools have to stop you from joining them until you get a block then quitting and rejoining?
gollark: But still, styropool™ would probably not be big enough to ever actually get any block whatsoever and actually *work* as a risk spreading mechanism.
gollark: I think with actual mining you get a bit of guaranteed income via mining pools.
gollark: Sure, but the chance is tiny so they probably won't.
gollark: According to this random internet website, ethereum is currently at 338TH/s. 1GH/s is a tiny fraction of that.

References
  1. Ruth M. Lynden-Bell; Simon Conway Morris; John D. Barrow; John L. Finney; Charles Harper (21 May 2010). Water and Life: The Unique Properties of H2O. CRC Press. pp. 78–. ISBN 978-1-4398-0357-8.

See also


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