List of countries by future gross government debt

This is a list of countries by estimated future gross central government debt based on data released in April 2018 by the International Monetary Fund, with figures in percentage of national GDP.

Projected debt estimates

Gross government debt (sortable; in percent of GDP)

Country	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Afghanistan	7.004	7.079	6.884	7.030	7.263	7.532	7.776	8.057
Albania	71.871	68.590	65.125	63.311	60.355	58.517	56.029	55.825
Algeria	27.455	36.872	46.918	48.895	49.427	47.429	42.960	43.340
Angola	68.544	88.087	90.456	82.767	79.681	75.426	70.892	66.089
Antigua and Barbuda	87.665	88.121	88.348	89.055	90.415	92.487	95.724	99.180
Argentina	57.111	86.289	75.901	69.041	65.145	62.794	60.675	59.516
Armenia	48.290	48.493	47.952	48.198	48.539	49.478	49.962	50.248
Aruba	86.042	83.941	83.572	81.949	79.839	77.605	75.251	72.788
Australia	40.670	40.672	41.098	40.554	39.735	38.877	37.520	36.374
Austria	78.489	74.243	71.168	68.395	66.117	64.317	62.652	61.160
Azerbaijan	22.574	19.382	17.586	15.021	12.691	11.085	9.628	8.273
Baha The Bahamas	54.582	60.965	60.492	59.132	57.527	56.018	54.426	52.929
Bahrain	88.238	93.373	100.189	103.615	106.206	108.652	111.178	113.775
Bangladesh	32.479	34.759	34.813	34.473	34.064	33.698	33.295	32.766
Barbados	157.540	124.536	117.274	110.102	103.143	96.401	90.461	86.181
Belarus	53.160	47.831	51.081	51.945	50.411	50.361	50.715	51.199
Belgium	103.403	101.387	99.568	98.054	96.441	94.740	93.067	90.998
Belize	94.426	94.750	92.637	90.527	88.362	86.274	84.148	83.335
Benin	54.438	54.645	53.998	51.469	48.452	45.368	42.206	38.682
Bhutan	106.313	102.588	103.848	107.897	105.550	96.691	83.501	77.567
Bolivia	50.889	53.920	57.111	58.014	58.573	58.778	58.942	58.267
Bosnia and Herzegovina	39.049	36.998	36.335	36.409	35.405	33.887	32.358	30.940
Botswana	14.064	12.918	12.775	13.368	13.101	12.425	11.399	10.393
Brazil	84.052	87.877	90.360	92.409	94.122	95.606	96.538	97.629
Brunei	2.825	2.491	2.633	2.482	2.331	2.212	2.145	2.144
Bulgaria	23.291	20.518	19.331	18.172	17.136	15.197	13.427	11.803
Burkina Faso	38.419	42.957	42.465	42.148	41.870	41.654	41.458	41.260
Burundi	51.712	58.440	63.542	69.095	75.178	88.870	104.115	121.896
Cabo Verde	124.640	127.712	125.290	120.802	115.743	110.665	105.519	99.902
Cambodia	29.958	29.361	29.572	29.649	30.691	32.327	34.315	35.910
Cameroon	36.931	37.745	38.111	37.441	36.519	35.573	34.539	33.424
Canada	90.093	90.630	88.013	84.679	81.254	77.990	74.854	72.046
Central African Republic	52.862	48.536	42.247	39.229	36.393	33.779	31.464	29.410
Chad	52.435	46.565	42.912	38.426	34.659	31.078	27.995	24.697
Chile	23.540	25.561	27.168	28.131	28.700	28.784	28.658	28.275
China	46.787	50.463	55.362	59.512	63.228	66.678	69.658	72.421
Colombia	49.776	50.479	49.160	47.255	45.105	43.194	41.371	39.168
Comoros	31.795	31.199	35.075	36.287	37.535	39.369	40.276	41.027
Democratic Republic of the Congo	18.105	15.651	14.008	13.201	10.788	9.876	7.984	5.161
Republic of the Congo	125.366	98.465	90.189	83.685	79.378	76.818	70.915	60.545
Costa Rica	48.592	53.543	56.150	58.302	60.148	61.086	61.408	61.000
Croatia	77.661	73.860	70.734	67.825	65.006	62.261	59.565	57.367
Cyprus	95.753	102.544	101.043	94.323	89.467	79.585	72.981	67.264
Czech Republic	34.663	32.958	31.571	30.669	29.944	28.134	26.374	25.072
Côte d'Ivoire	49.839	52.202	50.918	49.111	48.382	47.402	46.754	47.202
Denmark	34.775	34.269	33.613	32.871	35.173	37.259	38.926	39.464
Djibouti	68.988	67.378	62.986	58.732	53.346	47.402	41.736	36.473
Dominica	78.551	83.146	79.842	82.259	83.274	82.244	80.506	78.153
Dominican Republic	40.816	41.640	41.922	41.961	42.263	42.503	42.862	43.183
Ecuador	44.617	46.132	49.199	46.777	45.207	40.794	36.610	33.407
Egypt	103.161	92.618	86.927	84.640	81.330	79.273	75.529	72.758
El Salvador	67.322	67.070	68.098	68.672	68.768	68.957	69.425	70.087
Equatorial Guinea	38.018	35.855	37.486	36.988	39.302	41.254	42.732	43.151
Eritrea	131.244	129.416	127.343	136.205	132.246	127.563	124.101	120.402
Estonia	8.747	8.050	7.613	7.184	6.778	6.410	6.082	5.791
Eswatini (Swaziland)	29.156	34.859	41.113	43.061	42.637	42.793	43.228	43.569
Ethiopia	58.986	61.089	57.428	56.325	55.322	54.947	53.965	53.478
Eurozone	86.848	84.958	83.591	81.828	80.256	78.639	77.152	75.700
European Union	83.316	81.626	80.239	78.597	77.232	75.786	74.400	73.026
Fiji	48.177	49.672	50.221	50.427	50.434	50.365	50.164	50.053
Finland	61.294	60.517	59.881	58.955	58.514	56.805	55.038	53.292
France	98.501	98.594	99.196	98.680	98.241	97.647	96.951	96.225
Gabon	62.644	58.194	58.482	55.743	51.822	47.420	43.937	41.750
Ga The Gambia	87.913	83.150	78.669	75.191	72.306	70.024	67.403	64.559
Georgia	45.087	44.543	45.045	43.912	42.761	41.839	41.108	41.015
Germany	63.856	59.754	56.934	53.819	51.099	48.481	46.024	43.702
Ghana	57.266	59.560	61.991	60.021	58.199	56.274	52.686	50.204
Greece	179.275	183.257	174.151	167.266	160.934	153.790	147.177	143.197
Grenada	69.903	63.070	56.122	48.611	45.860	45.380	45.096	43.579
Guatemala	24.715	24.474	24.759	25.279	25.362	25.874	26.258	26.454
Guinea	40.414	38.731	45.975	45.301	42.862	40.966	39.440	37.604
Guinea-Bissau	53.908	56.110	54.918	51.768	50.156	48.893	46.837	44.836
Guyana	52.195	56.984	57.217	54.220	50.867	50.038	39.689	33.298
Haiti	30.960	33.020	36.235	36.723	37.006	37.268	37.353	37.352
Honduras	39.108	40.281	40.804	41.027	40.665	39.769	39.384	37.598
Hong Kong	0.055	0.052	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hungary	73.251	69.393	66.618	64.975	63.507	62.238	60.974	59.877
Iceland	43.084	35.428	33.133	30.138	27.839	25.653	23.335	22.039
India	69.836	69.794	69.037	67.806	66.480	65.271	64.161	63.115
Indonesia	28.937	29.196	29.288	29.003	28.994	28.987	28.816	28.501
Iran	39.530	33.184	30.035	27.263	25.725	25.146	25.388	24.496
Iraq	59.622	48.415	50.248	47.358	46.462	46.264	46.984	49.048
Ireland	68.543	65.203	62.418	58.859	57.055	53.989	50.996	47.821
Israel	60.404	59.587	58.959	58.098	57.208	56.357	55.585	54.890
Italy	131.277	132.085	133.427	134.131	135.290	136.415	137.533	138.514
Jamaica	101.124	99.381	94.133	88.865	82.522	76.250	69.938	63.863
Japan	234.980	237.115	237.541	237.043	237.416	237.761	237.971	238.306
Jordan	94.347	94.232	94.834	94.981	93.976	91.068	88.561	85.994
Kazakhstan	20.347	21.879	20.896	20.000	19.228	18.524	17.650	16.805
Kenya	54.814	57.164	55.502	52.760	49.517	48.879	49.402	49.629
Kiribati	22.997	21.888	23.485	28.087	35.121	40.978	46.310	51.151
Kosovo	16.305	17.005	19.652	22.226	24.274	26.102	27.431	28.656
Kuwait	20.683	14.800	17.784	20.969	26.249	31.115	34.709	38.423
Kyrgyzstan	58.786	56.025	56.089	55.506	55.271	54.527	54.428	54.368
Laos	60.303	62.974	64.125	65.274	65.994	66.920	67.455	67.789
Latvia	39.976	37.578	36.661	35.101	34.680	33.117	31.828	30.525
Lebanon	148.958	150.920	157.808	162.744	166.599	169.305	171.250	173.100
Lesotho	36.788	38.982	37.947	37.306	34.842	32.600	30.397	32.302
Liberia	34.122	40.541	46.664	52.604	58.430	60.928	65.443	66.580
Libya	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Lithuania	39.420	35.908	33.792	31.819	29.982	28.348	26.826	25.421
Luxembourg	22.961	21.809	21.615	21.271	21.003	20.521	20.026	19.576
Macau	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Madagascar	40.280	39.659	41.017	42.098	43.478	45.060	46.138	46.593
Malawi	61.920	61.295	59.012	58.466	56.946	54.797	52.188	49.974
Malaysia	55.156	56.239	56.318	55.821	55.246	54.554	53.903	53.233
Maldives	61.591	61.469	61.434	61.358	61.181	60.916	60.712	60.587
Mali	35.446	36.618	36.928	37.564	38.201	38.907	39.104	39.551
Malta	50.205	45.369	42.458	39.074	35.670	32.123	30.029	28.206
Marshall Islands	27.230	25.245	23.373	22.837	22.238	21.955	22.114	22.545
Mauritania	76.844	83.938	80.615	82.026	79.763	70.467	63.586	55.934
Mauritius	63.708	65.199	67.495	67.808	66.689	65.480	64.395	63.357
Mexico	53.995	53.565	54.111	54.472	54.536	54.496	54.427	54.346
Micronesia	22.150	20.155	18.411	16.790	15.273	13.844	12.439	16.469
Moldova	29.306	27.113	28.823	30.655	31.044	32.042	32.511	32.989
Montenegro	66.303	72.073	70.576	78.024	69.963	66.435	62.677	59.687
Morocco	65.109	65.177	65.110	64.276	63.073	61.961	60.893	60.032
Mozambique	103.153	100.425	124.463	119.856	115.264	111.471	100.913	89.488
Myanmar	47.311	49.411	49.124	47.759	46.488	44.906	43.701	42.541
Namibia	41.525	47.051	51.599	55.892	59.817	63.212	66.725	70.180
Nauru	61.969	61.537	60.391	60.488	60.409	60.738	60.679	60.337
Nepal	26.402	30.438	33.073	34.119	33.821	33.463	32.641	31.859
Netherlands	56.957	54.437	52.045	49.875	47.438	44.861	42.348	39.793
New Zealand	31.609	29.388	28.065	27.274	26.846	25.943	23.506	21.176
Nicaragua	34.037	37.167	40.879	43.869	46.469	48.775	50.936	52.169
Niger	48.974	55.139	55.604	54.103	52.486	48.251	45.839	44.197
Nigeria	25.340	28.416	30.050	31.384	32.671	33.839	34.924	35.885
North Macedonia	39.415	39.515	40.483	41.266	41.819	42.100	42.138	41.910
Norway	36.751	36.751	36.751	36.751	36.751	36.751	36.751	36.751
Oman	46.903	50.929	61.293	63.106	64.541	66.908	70.487	73.299
Pakistan	66.962	72.134	76.995	79.133	81.018	82.625	84.089	85.573
Panama	37.527	39.394	37.808	36.094	34.568	33.210	32.037	30.967
Papua New Guinea	37.539	36.912	37.724	37.043	36.571	35.757	35.041	34.314
Paraguay	19.841	21.597	22.367	22.272	22.260	22.266	22.295	22.442
Peru	25.415	26.755	27.179	26.974	26.448	25.941	25.491	25.018
Philippines	39.917	39.602	39.104	38.497	37.878	37.319	36.852	36.410
Poland	50.569	48.364	47.475	48.208	49.143	49.870	50.513	51.228
Portugal	124.762	121.435	119.458	117.272	111.253	107.357	106.259	102.747
Puerto Rico	51.644	54.647	57.703	59.770	60.519	61.108	61.525	61.913
Qatar	49.751	48.350	52.738	45.913	40.617	37.120	33.288	29.385
Romania	36.861	36.602	37.992	39.697	41.471	43.339	44.973	46.230
Russia	15.521	13.953	13.788	13.898	14.094	14.689	15.915	16.857
Rwanda	36.494	40.658	49.997	51.263	52.490	54.211	55.581	56.448
Saint Kitts and Nevis	61.107	62.040	59.494	59.723	63.773	68.590	71.968	75.464
Saint Lucia	66.087	66.848	71.624	74.162	74.740	75.713	76.764	77.471
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	74.152	73.063	71.377	69.678	68.098	66.747	65.593	64.596
Samoa	49.099	50.205	49.436	48.900	49.592	50.470	51.375	52.754
San Marino	76.641	77.012	77.123	77.855	78.022	78.109	78.165	78.303
São Tomé and Príncipe	88.646	81.252	74.100	67.336	56.945	53.040	50.435	48.598
Saudi Arabia	17.160	19.078	23.708	25.426	27.643	28.112	32.426	37.539
Senegal	60.637	64.447	61.999	60.358	59.419	55.195	52.393	51.615
Serbia	58.727	54.342	50.947	48.266	45.531	43.047	40.770	38.569
Seychelles	63.637	58.170	54.492	49.511	44.791	41.004	37.626	34.935
Sierra Leone	57.586	71.307	72.372	71.973	71.485	69.210	67.410	65.656
Singapore	106.941	108.341	109.373	111.192	111.819	112.560	112.838	117.049
Slovakia	50.944	48.847	46.896	45.134	43.340	41.529	39.841	38.612
Slovenia	74.094	68.491	65.441	63.371	61.154	59.077	56.947	54.851
Solomon Islands	9.404	12.108	14.556	17.638	20.635	23.407	26.144	28.544
South Africa	53.022	56.710	57.810	59.793	61.795	63.536	65.082	66.465
South Korea	39.758	40.711	40.541	40.669	41.115	41.782	42.205	42.417
South Sudan	65.240	43.760	37.812	34.237	34.488	34.279	22.429	22.339
Spain	98.123	97.016	95.962	94.939	94.058	93.288	92.720	92.282
Sri Lanka	79.102	84.065	82.990	80.637	78.252	75.934	73.789	71.582
Sudan	121.980	163.210	177.868	182.361	186.186	182.528	181.590	182.265
Suriname	77.206	69.604	72.046	75.721	76.203	77.623	78.752	80.163
Sweden	40.829	39.010	37.225	35.473	33.885	32.292	30.889	29.388
Switzerland	41.812	40.508	39.486	38.171	36.948	35.709	34.551	33.425
Syria	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Taiwan	35.510	34.995	33.914	32.925	31.906	30.819	29.626	28.359
Tajikistan	50.392	47.883	49.462	50.655	52.100	53.504	55.787	58.352
Tanzania	36.587	35.993	36.573	37.172	38.069	39.148	40.413	41.815
Thailand	41.871	42.076	41.474	41.829	42.317	42.759	43.112	43.528
Togo	75.595	74.602	70.395	65.762	61.225	57.016	52.969	49.054
Trinidad and Tobago	43.255	45.310	49.751	51.416	52.116	53.152	54.074	54.799
Tunisia	70.331	76.978	81.549	82.232	79.481	75.049	70.055	65.392
Turkey	28.261	29.052	29.929	28.326	28.093	28.117	27.579	26.664
Turkmenistan	28.820	29.272	30.250	30.346	30.135	30.020	30.324	30.098
Tuvalu	36.972	27.597	21.809	16.714	8.065	4.582	3.869	3.463
Uganda	39.722	42.152	44.810	48.086	49.606	49.541	48.433	46.403
Ukraine	71.915	63.856	62.029	57.889	53.825	49.772	46.244	43.724
United Arab Emirates	19.747	18.670	19.202	18.958	18.652	18.360	18.070	17.776
United Kingdom	87.141	86.857	85.665	84.421	83.598	82.643	81.502	80.329
United States	106.226	105.773	106.702	107.538	108.405	109.430	110.041	110.348
Uruguay	65.713	69.990	71.344	71.034	71.241	71.524	71.622	71.275
Uzbekistan	24.087	23.539	23.226	23.323	23.817	24.052	24.314	23.977
Vanuatu	52.248	50.483	52.183	54.233	55.821	57.106	58.434	59.656
Venezuela	33.054	175.618	214.449	228.244	247.519	261.606	274.812	272.755
Vietnam	58.223	57.542	57.363	57.082	57.255	57.370	57.429	57.557
Yemen	76.201	63.164	54.506	42.527	36.385	30.930	25.873	22.262
Zambia	62.706	72.361	80.501	83.477	84.080	82.826	80.047	76.820
Zimbabwe	52.866	29.781	20.987	20.490	20.068	19.554	18.611	17.682

See also

• List of countries by public debt

Sources

• International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database of April 2018, for countries: [1]ww.imf.org/rnal/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodaty81%2C313%C124%2C988%2C963%2C592%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C92C2882y, for the European Union: