Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant

Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant (Finnish: Hanhikiven ydinvoimalaitos, Swedish: Hanhikivi kärnkraftverk) is a nuclear power plant proposed for construction on the Finnish Hanhikivi peninsula, in the municipality of Pyhäjoki. It is to house one Russian-designed VVER-1200 pressurised water reactor, with a capacity of 1200 MW.[2][3] It was estimated that the reactor would supply 10% of Finland's energy demand by 2024.[4] The reactor contractor Rosatom announced in December 2018, that the plant will be operational by 2028 at the earliest, and building would not begin before 2021.[5]

Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant
CountryFinland
LocationPyhäjoki
Coordinates64°31′51″N 24°15′21″E
StatusProposed
Construction began2021 (planned)
Commission date2028 (expected)
Construction cost€6.7 billion
($8.26 billion USD)[1]
Owner(s)Fennovoima
Nuclear power station
Reactor typePWR
Reactor supplierAtomstroyexport (OKB Gidropress)
Thermal capacity1 × 3200 MWth
Power generation
Make and modelVVER-1200/491
Units planned1 × 1200 MW
Nameplate capacity1200 MW (planned)
External links
WebsiteHanhikivi 1
CommonsRelated media on Commons

Description

Hanhikivi 1

On 21 April 2010, the Government of Finland decided to grant a permit (Decision-in-Principle) to Fennovoima for construction of a nuclear reactor.[6][7][8] The decision was approved by the Parliament on 1 July 2010.[9][10]

The chosen plant model is Rosatom's pressurized water reactor AES-2006 which is the latest evolution of VVER plant designs. The other bidders for the project were Areva and Toshiba. Fennovoima began direct negotiations with Rosatom in April 2013. On 21 December 2013, Fennovoima and Rosatom Overseas, a subsidiary of Rosatom, signed a plant supply contract. The plant should be commissioned by 2024.[11][12]

On 28 July 2016, Rosatom signed a contract with Alstom Power Systems (part of General Electric) for the design and supply of turbine generator equipment package ("conventional island") as well as advisory services for installation and commissioning works. The turbine generator equipment will be based on Alstom's Arabelle technology.[13][14][15] On 8 June 2017, Fennovoima announced that the plant's main automation would be supplied by Rolls Royce and Schneider Electric.[16] Rolls Royce is also the supplier of automation modernization for Loviisa nuclear power plant.[17] However, Rolls Royce withdrew from the Hanhikivi project in the autumn of 2018. In October 2019, Framatome and Siemens were chosen as the automation suppliers.[18]

On 28 February 2014, Voimaosakeyhtiö SF made the final decision to participate in Fennovoima's nuclear power plant construction.[19] The final investment decision would be made in 2014.[12] The ownership was assured in August 2015.[20] The plant was estimated to cost "less than €50/MWh (5 cents/kWh), including all production costs, depreciation, finance costs and waste management".[21]

As of October 2017, some of the debt financing was still under negotiation.[22]

On 21 December 2018, Fennovoima announced that it had received a new schedule to receive the construction license and start construction of the plant in 2021. The commercial operation should start in 2028.[23]

Political impact

As the power plant will generate 10% of Finland's electricity demand and Rosatom owns 34% of the plant, this means Rosatom will supply 3% of Finland's electricity production according to Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, professor of Russian energy politics at University of Helsinki.[4] He argued that Russia could use the reactor to for instance manipulate Nordic power prices, or use it as leverage in political disputes as Russia already uses its gas supply in disputes with neighbouring countries such as Ukraine.[4] According to researcher Martin Kragh at Uppsala University in Sweden, Russia has already applied pressure to keep the project going by leveraging Fortum's investments in Russia.[4] In 2018, Fortum expanded its interests in Russia by acquiring Uniper.

See also

References
  1. "The road to Hanhikivi - Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
  2. "Hanhikivi agreements". World Nuclear News. December 23, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
  3. "Rosatom buys into Fennovoima". World Nuclear News. 28 March 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
  4. Sundberg, Marit (8 August 2015). "Forskare varnar för risker med ryskägt kärnkraftverk". Dagens Nyheter. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  5. "Fennovoima nuclear power plant delayed four years to 2028". YLE News. December 23, 2018. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  6. "Two out of three for Finland". World Nuclear News. 2010-04-21. Archived from the original on 2012-03-18. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
  7. "Finnish government says yes to TVO and Fennovoima". Nuclear Engineering International. Global Trade Media. 2010-04-21. Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
  8. "Finland approves nuclear power license to Fennovoima". World Construction Industry Network. 2010-05-07. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
  9. Kinnunen, Terhi (2010-07-01). "Finnish parliament agrees plans for two reactors". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-07-02.
  10. Kinnunen, Terhi (2011-10-05). "Finland names 1st nuclear site after Fukushima". Reuters. Retrieved 2011-10-05.
  11. "Finland's Fennovoima signs reactor deal with Rosatom". Reuters. 21 December 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  12. "Fennovoima and Rusatom Overseas signed plant supply contract" (Press release). Fennovoima. 2013-12-21. Retrieved 2020-01-08.
  13. "Alstom Power Systems Will Deliver Hanhikivi 1 Unit's Turbine Generator Set". Retrieved 2016-08-12.
  14. "Alstom Powers System Contracted For Hanhikivi 1 Generator Set - News - Nuclear Power News - Nuclear Street - Nuclear Power Plant News, Jobs, and Careers". nuclearstreet.com. Retrieved 2016-08-12.
  15. Sputnik. "Rosatom's Subsidiary, French Firm Sign Supply Contract for NPP in Finland". sputniknews.com. Retrieved 2016-08-12.
  16. "Rolls-Royce to supply Hanhikivi 1 nuclear power plant's main automation" (Press release). Fennovoima. 2017-06-08. Retrieved 2017-07-31.
  17. "Fortum drops AREVA-Siemens for Rolls-Royce at Loviisa". Nuclear Engineering International. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  18. "New supplier for Fennovoima nuke after Rolls-Royce pullout". Yle Uutiset. 2019-10-02. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
  19. "Finnish firms commit to Fennovoima". World Nuclear News. 28 February 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  20. http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/C-Finnish-ownership-of-Fennovoima-assured-0508154.html
  21. "Nuclear Power in Finland". World Nuclear Association. 28 August 2015.
  22. "Impact of Hanhikivi 1 licensing delay remains unclear". World Nuclear News. 17 October 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  23. "Schedule for Hanhikivi 1 project revised - World Nuclear News". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
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